PERSONAL SAFETY PROTOCOLS
VIDEO LESSON
DEHYDRATION – It occurs when you use or lose more fluid than you take in, and
your body doesn’t have enough water and other fluids to carry out its normal
functions.
Signs and Symptoms:
1. Thirst
2. Dry or Sticky Mouth
3. Dry Skin
4. Rapid Heartbeat
5. Rapid Breathing
6. Dark Yellow Pee
7. Muscle Crumps
8. Headache
9. Sunken eyes
What to do:
It must be treated by replenishing the fluid level in the body. This can be
done by consuming clear fluids such as water, clear broths, frozen water or ice
pops, or sports drinks (such as Gatorade). Some dehydration patients, however,
will require intravenous fluids in order to rehydrate. People who are dehydrated
should avoid drinks containing caffeine such as coffee, tea and sodas.
OVEREXERTION – It occurs when people push themselves too hard during
physical activity. In terms of overexertion injuries, strains and sprains is the most
common. Strain Injury is the tearing or stretching of the muscle or tendons; and
Sprains are stretching or tearing ligament.
Signs and Symptoms:
1. Dizziness and vomiting
2. Fatigue
3. Pain
4. Difficulty of speaking
5. Feeling faint
6. Lightheadedness
7. Nausea
8. Shortness of breath
9. Thirst
What to do:
Immediate treatment for overexertion is to stop the task or activity and rest.
Take stock of any signs and symptoms for treatment. Use ice or heat compress for
muscle and joint soreness or stiffness. With muscle knots or tension, have a warm
bath infused with Epsom salts for relief.
HYPOTHERMIA - Is a medical emergency that occurs when your body loses heat
faster than it can produce heat, causing a dangerously low body temperature.
Signs and Symptoms:
1. Shivering
2. Slurred speech or mumbling
3. Slow, shallow breathing
4. Weak pulse
5. Clumsiness or lack of coordination
6. Drowsiness or very low energy
7. Confusion or memory loss
8. Loss of consciousness
9. Bright red, cold skin (in infants)
HYPERTHEMIA –It refers to a group of heat-related
conditions characterized by abnormally high body temperature- in other words the
opposite of hypothermia. The condition occurs when the body’s heat-regulation
system becomes overwhelmed by outside factors, causing a person’s internal
temperature to rise.
Signs and Symptoms
The symptoms of hyperthermia depend on the stage it has reached or how much
the body is overheated.
STAGES:
Heat Fatigue and Cramps
1. Excessive Sweating
2. Exhaustion
3. Flushed on red skin
4. Muscle cramps, spasm, and pain
5. Headache or mild light-headedness
6. Nausea
Heat Exhaustion
1. Cold, pale, wet skin
2. Extreme or heavy sweating
3. Fast but weak pulse
5. Nausea, Vomiting, and Diarrhea
6. Headache, Muscle Cramps, Exhaustion, Intense Thirst and Dizziness
7. Less frequent urination and dark urine
8. Difficulty paying attention or concentrating
9. Mild swelling of the feet, ankles, fingers or hands
10. Temporarily fainting or losing consciousness
Heat Exhaustion, if left untreated can lead to Heat Stroke, which is a lifethreatening
condition.
Heat Stroke
1. Fast, strong pulse or very weak pulse
2. Fast, deep breathing
3. Reduced sweating
4. Hot, red, wet or dry skin
5. Nausea, Headache, Dizziness, Confusion, Disorientation, Blurred Vision
7. Irritability or mood swing
8. Lack of Coordination
9. Fainting or losing consciousness
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